9+ Factors: How Long to Pressure Wash a House?


9+ Factors: How Long to Pressure Wash a House?

The duration required to complete the exterior cleaning of a residential property with pressurized water is variable. Several factors contribute to the overall timeframe, influencing the efficiency and thoroughness of the cleaning process.

Effective removal of dirt, grime, and mildew from a home’s siding not only enhances its aesthetic appeal but also protects the underlying materials from deterioration. Historically, manual scrubbing was the primary method, a labor-intensive and time-consuming process. Modern pressure washing equipment offers a significantly faster and more effective alternative.

The subsequent sections will detail the key elements that determine the total time commitment, including the size of the house, the type of siding, the extent of the dirt and grime, and the experience level of the operator.

1. House size

The square footage of a house directly correlates with the amount of time needed to complete its exterior cleaning. A larger residence possesses a greater surface area, requiring proportionally more time for pressurized water application. This increased area necessitates more passes with the cleaning wand, resulting in a longer project duration. For instance, a 1,500-square-foot single-story home will typically require less time than a two-story house of the same footprint, as the latter presents a larger, often more complex surface area to clean.

Consider a scenario involving two properties: one is a 2,000-square-foot ranch house, and the other is a 3,500-square-foot colonial. The ranch house, due to its smaller size and single-story design, may take approximately 2-4 hours to clean. Conversely, the colonial, with its increased square footage and multiple stories, could require 5-8 hours, potentially extending the project into a second day. The presence of dormers, balconies, and intricate architectural details on larger homes further contributes to the extended duration.

Understanding the impact of house size is crucial for accurate project estimation and scheduling. While other factors influence the total time required, the surface area remains a primary determinant. Accurately assessing the square footage allows for a more realistic prediction of the cleaning time, optimizing resource allocation and minimizing potential delays.

2. Siding material

The type of siding material significantly influences the duration of residential exterior cleaning. Different materials possess varying degrees of resistance to water pressure and require specific cleaning techniques. Delicate surfaces necessitate lower pressure settings and gentler methods to prevent damage, thereby extending the cleaning time. Conversely, more durable materials can withstand higher pressure, potentially expediting the process.

For instance, vinyl siding, a common residential choice, generally cleans relatively quickly due to its smooth, non-porous surface. However, excessive pressure can lead to warping or discoloration, necessitating a cautious approach. In contrast, brick or concrete siding, while more resistant to damage, often accumulates stubborn stains and mildew, requiring multiple passes and potentially longer dwell times for cleaning solutions to be effective. Wood siding, especially if painted or stained, demands careful attention to prevent stripping or water damage, often requiring specialized nozzles and cleaning agents, impacting the overall timeframe. The presence of porous materials like stucco may also require multiple applications and longer drying times further extending the cleaning process.

Therefore, identifying the siding material is a critical first step in estimating the cleaning time. Incorrect pressure settings or inappropriate cleaning techniques can result in costly repairs and significantly prolong the project. Professionals often conduct a small test area to assess the material’s response to cleaning before proceeding with the entire house. Understanding the specific characteristics and vulnerabilities of each siding type is crucial for efficient and safe cleaning, ultimately impacting the overall duration of the task.

3. Dirt accumulation

The degree of dirt accumulation present on a house’s exterior directly influences the time required for effective pressure washing. A heavily soiled surface necessitates a more intensive cleaning process, thereby increasing the overall duration. The composition of the accumulated grime, whether it be organic matter like algae and mildew or inorganic substances such as dust and mud, dictates the specific cleaning agents and techniques required. Properties located in environments with high levels of pollution or in areas prone to mold growth will exhibit more significant dirt accumulation, demanding a greater time investment for thorough cleaning. For example, a house situated near a construction site might accumulate a thick layer of dust and particulate matter, requiring multiple cleaning passes to achieve a satisfactory result.

The type and extent of dirt accumulation also determine the necessary pressure settings and nozzle types. Stubborn stains and deeply embedded grime may necessitate the use of higher pressure and more focused nozzle patterns. Conversely, delicate surfaces with lighter dirt accumulation may require lower pressure and wider fan patterns to prevent damage. Pre-treatment with specialized cleaning solutions designed to loosen dirt and algae can significantly reduce the cleaning time, but this pre-treatment process itself adds to the overall duration. Neglecting to address heavy dirt accumulation can result in incomplete cleaning, requiring additional time and effort to rectify.

In summary, the level of dirt accumulation serves as a primary determinant of the time needed to pressure wash a house. Properties with extensive soiling require more intensive cleaning procedures, involving specialized agents, higher pressure settings (when appropriate), and potentially multiple cleaning cycles. Accurate assessment of the dirt accumulation allows for a more realistic estimation of project duration and resource allocation. Ignoring this factor can lead to underestimation of the required time, resulting in scheduling conflicts and potential compromises in cleaning quality.

4. Operator experience

The experience level of the pressure washing operator is a significant determinant of the time required to clean a house’s exterior. Proficiency directly influences efficiency, technique, and decision-making, all of which impact the overall project duration.

  • Technique and Efficiency

    Experienced operators possess refined techniques that maximize cleaning effectiveness while minimizing wasted time. They understand optimal angles, distances, and movement patterns for efficient dirt removal. A novice may spend excessive time on a single area or use inefficient sweeping motions, leading to a protracted cleaning process. Experienced technicians also know how to avoid common mistakes like streaking or damaging the siding, preventing the need for rework.

  • Equipment Mastery

    Proficient operators are intimately familiar with their equipment, understanding its capabilities and limitations. They can quickly adjust pressure settings, switch nozzles, and troubleshoot minor mechanical issues without significant delays. Conversely, an inexperienced operator may struggle with equipment operation, resulting in frequent stops and starts as they learn the nuances of the machine. Correct pressure is also critical as less experience person dont know the optimum level.

  • Problem Solving

    Unexpected challenges, such as stubborn stains, hidden damage, or unforeseen obstacles, often arise during pressure washing projects. Experienced operators can quickly assess these situations and implement effective solutions. They may know specific cleaning agents or techniques to address particular types of grime or have experience navigating difficult architectural features. A less experienced operator may spend considerable time troubleshooting these issues, significantly extending the project timeline.

  • Risk Assessment and Safety

    Experienced operators prioritize safety and understand the potential risks associated with pressure washing, such as ladder accidents, electrical hazards, or damage to property. They take necessary precautions to mitigate these risks, which can involve setting up safety barriers, using appropriate personal protective equipment, and carefully inspecting the work area before commencing. Novice operators may overlook these safety considerations, leading to accidents that can cause delays and injuries.

In conclusion, operator experience has a substantial impact on the time required for residential exterior cleaning. Proficiency translates directly into efficiency, technical skill, problem-solving ability, and safety awareness. Hiring an experienced operator not only reduces the overall project duration but also minimizes the risk of damage or injury, making it a worthwhile investment.

5. Equipment efficiency

Equipment efficiency exerts a direct and measurable influence on the duration required to complete residential exterior cleaning. The performance characteristics of the pressure washer, including its pressure output, flow rate, and nozzle design, critically affect the speed and thoroughness of the cleaning process.

  • Pressure Output and Cleaning Rate

    The pounds per square inch (PSI) rating of a pressure washer directly impacts its cleaning power. Higher PSI levels facilitate the removal of stubborn stains and deeply embedded dirt, reducing the number of passes required to achieve a clean surface. However, excessive pressure can damage delicate siding materials. Efficient equipment provides adjustable pressure settings to optimize cleaning speed while minimizing the risk of damage. For example, a pressure washer with a maximum output of 3000 PSI may clean a heavily soiled surface in half the time compared to a unit with a 2000 PSI output, assuming both are used responsibly.

  • Flow Rate and Area Coverage

    The gallons per minute (GPM) flow rate determines the volume of water delivered to the surface. Higher GPM values enable faster rinsing and wider area coverage, reducing the overall cleaning time. A pressure washer with a 2.5 GPM flow rate will rinse a section of siding more quickly than a unit with a 1.5 GPM flow rate, thereby accelerating the entire cleaning process. Efficient equipment balances pressure and flow to achieve optimal cleaning performance without excessive water consumption.

  • Nozzle Design and Cleaning Pattern

    Different nozzle types produce varying spray patterns, each suited for specific cleaning tasks. Wide fan nozzles are effective for general cleaning, while narrow-angle nozzles provide concentrated cleaning power for stubborn stains. Rotary nozzles, also known as turbo nozzles, combine the cleaning power of a narrow-angle nozzle with the wide coverage of a fan nozzle, offering a balance of speed and effectiveness. Utilizing the appropriate nozzle for each application optimizes cleaning efficiency and reduces the overall project duration. Inefficient or damaged nozzles can result in uneven cleaning and increased time investment.

  • Surface Cleaners and Accessory Tools

    Surface cleaners are specialized attachments designed for cleaning flat surfaces such as driveways and patios. These tools distribute water evenly across a wide area, significantly reducing the cleaning time compared to using a standard nozzle. Other accessory tools, such as extension wands and telescoping handles, can improve reach and accessibility, allowing the operator to clean high or difficult-to-reach areas more efficiently. Employing appropriate accessory tools can substantially reduce the time spent on specific cleaning tasks.

In summary, equipment efficiency plays a pivotal role in determining the duration of residential exterior cleaning. Pressure output, flow rate, nozzle design, and the availability of specialized accessory tools all contribute to the overall cleaning speed and effectiveness. Investing in high-quality, well-maintained equipment can significantly reduce the time required to complete the task, while also improving the quality of the results.

6. Obstacles Present

The presence of obstacles surrounding a house directly impacts the time required for its exterior cleaning. These impediments necessitate careful maneuvering and specialized techniques, thereby influencing the overall project duration.

  • Landscaping and Vegetation

    Bushes, trees, and flowerbeds situated close to the house’s foundation require meticulous attention to prevent damage from high-pressure water. Operators must adjust pressure settings or employ protective measures, such as shielding plants with tarps or temporary barriers. Dense vegetation can also impede access to certain areas, requiring repositioning or the use of extension wands, increasing the time spent on each section. For example, overgrown ivy clinging to siding necessitates careful removal, often by hand, before pressure washing can commence, adding significantly to the cleaning time.

  • Outdoor Fixtures and Furniture

    Items such as patio furniture, grills, and decorative ornaments must be either moved away from the house or carefully covered to prevent damage. The process of relocating or protecting these items consumes time and requires careful handling to avoid breakage. Permanently affixed fixtures, such as light fixtures or electrical outlets, demand cautious cleaning techniques to prevent water intrusion or electrical hazards. The operator must exercise precision and may need to use specialized nozzles or cleaning solutions to safely clean around these features, extending the duration of the task.

  • Architectural Features and Protrusions

    Elements such as dormers, balconies, intricate window trim, and overhanging eaves present challenges for access and cleaning. These features often require the use of ladders or scaffolding, which increases setup time and necessitates adherence to safety protocols. The complex angles and surfaces of these architectural details demand meticulous cleaning techniques to ensure thorough dirt removal. Hard-to-reach areas may require multiple passes or specialized nozzles, adding to the overall time investment. For example, cleaning the underside of a balcony or the crevices of decorative trim can significantly extend the duration of the project.

  • Restricted Access and Tight Spaces

    Narrow pathways, fences, or adjacent buildings can limit the maneuverability of equipment and personnel, impeding access to certain sections of the house. These confined spaces often necessitate the use of smaller pressure washing units or manual cleaning methods, which are less efficient than larger, more powerful equipment. The operator may need to reposition equipment frequently or employ alternative cleaning techniques to reach all areas effectively, increasing the overall time required. For instance, cleaning the siding behind a tightly spaced air conditioning unit can be a time-consuming task due to limited access and potential interference with the equipment.

In summary, obstacles present on and around a property introduce complexities that invariably prolong the duration of residential exterior cleaning. Landscaping, outdoor fixtures, architectural features, and restricted access all demand careful planning, specialized techniques, and additional time to ensure a thorough and safe cleaning process. Neglecting to account for these obstacles can lead to inaccurate time estimates and potential compromises in cleaning quality.

7. Cleaning method

The chosen cleaning method exerts a significant influence on the overall duration required for residential exterior cleaning. The selected approach dictates the tools, techniques, and cleaning agents employed, subsequently impacting the efficiency and thoroughness of the process.

  • Pre-Treatment Application

    The application of pre-treatment solutions, such as detergents or mildewcides, before pressure washing can significantly reduce the overall cleaning time. These solutions loosen dirt and kill organic growth, allowing for easier removal with pressurized water. However, the pre-treatment process itself adds to the total duration, as it requires time for application and dwell time for the solution to take effect. For example, applying a bleach solution to a mildew-covered surface and allowing it to sit for 15-20 minutes before pressure washing can decrease the amount of time spent scrubbing, but it extends the overall project by that initial 15-20 minutes.

  • Soft Washing vs. Pressure Washing

    Soft washing involves applying cleaning solutions at low pressure, typically below 500 PSI, to kill organic growth and loosen dirt. This method is gentler on siding than traditional pressure washing, which uses high-pressure water to blast away grime. Soft washing generally requires more time for the solutions to dwell and penetrate the surface, leading to a longer overall cleaning duration compared to pressure washing. However, soft washing is often preferred for delicate siding materials like stucco or painted wood to prevent damage, and for comprehensive removal of organic growth which may be only superficially cleaned by pressure washing alone.

  • Surface Cleaning Techniques

    The specific techniques employed during the cleaning process, such as the angle of the spray wand, the distance from the surface, and the overlapping of cleaning paths, affect the efficiency of dirt removal. Using a consistent, overlapping pattern ensures uniform cleaning and prevents streaking, but it also requires more time and attention to detail. Rushing the cleaning process or neglecting to overlap cleaning paths can result in uneven results and necessitate additional cleaning passes, ultimately increasing the total duration. For instance, meticulously cleaning each section of siding with overlapping strokes takes longer than haphazardly spraying the surface, but it yields a more thorough and consistent cleaning outcome.

  • Post-Treatment Rinsing

    Thorough rinsing after applying cleaning solutions is essential to remove residue and prevent damage to siding materials. The rinsing process requires time and careful attention to ensure that all traces of the cleaning solution are removed. Insufficient rinsing can lead to streaking, discoloration, or damage to the siding over time. The duration of the rinsing process depends on the type of cleaning solution used, the siding material, and the water pressure. For example, rinsing a house after applying a bleach solution typically requires more time and water than rinsing after using a mild detergent.

The cleaning method selection represents a crucial decision that directly impacts the “how long does it take to pressure wash a house”. Each method presents a trade-off between cleaning effectiveness, potential for damage, and the overall time investment. Careful consideration of the siding material, the type of dirt accumulation, and the desired outcome is essential for selecting the most appropriate and time-efficient cleaning method.

8. Water pressure

Water pressure is a primary determinant of the efficiency and speed of exterior residential cleaning. Its influence on cleaning time stems from its direct impact on the removal of dirt, grime, and other contaminants from the siding material.

  • Impact Force and Soil Removal

    Higher water pressure delivers greater impact force, enabling more effective dislodgement of stubborn grime and deeply embedded dirt. Increasing the pressure can reduce the number of passes required to clean a specific area, thereby shortening the overall cleaning time. However, excessive pressure can damage delicate siding materials. A balance must be achieved between cleaning power and material preservation. For example, removing algae from vinyl siding may require moderate pressure, while removing graffiti from brick might necessitate significantly higher pressure.

  • Area Coverage and Cleaning Speed

    Water pressure influences the width and reach of the cleaning spray. Higher pressure can project the water stream over a larger area, allowing for faster coverage of the siding surface. This increased coverage translates to a reduction in the number of sweeps required to clean the entire house, ultimately decreasing the overall cleaning time. However, wider coverage may also reduce the concentration of cleaning power, necessitating a trade-off between speed and thoroughness. For instance, a wider spray pattern at lower pressure might be suitable for general rinsing, while a narrower, high-pressure stream is better for spot cleaning.

  • Rinsing Efficiency

    Adequate water pressure is crucial for efficient rinsing of cleaning solutions and loosened debris from the siding. Insufficient pressure can leave behind residue that attracts dirt and promotes the growth of mold and mildew, potentially requiring a second cleaning cycle. Higher pressure facilitates thorough removal of cleaning agents, reducing the risk of residue buildup and ensuring a clean, streak-free finish. The efficiency of the rinsing process directly affects the final appearance of the house and the longevity of the cleaning result. For example, inadequate rinsing of a bleach solution can lead to discoloration or damage to the siding material.

  • Equipment Compatibility and System Limitations

    The pressure washer’s capabilities and the water supply’s pressure must be compatible to achieve optimal cleaning performance. Using a pressure washer that exceeds the water supply’s capacity will result in reduced pressure and flow, negating the benefits of the high-pressure equipment. Conversely, using a low-pressure water supply with a high-pressure washer can damage the pump and reduce its lifespan. Selecting the appropriate equipment and ensuring adequate water supply are essential for efficient and effective cleaning. For example, a well with low water pressure may require a booster pump to provide sufficient flow for the pressure washer.

In summary, water pressure is a critical variable that directly affects the duration of residential exterior cleaning. Its impact on cleaning power, area coverage, rinsing efficiency, and equipment compatibility necessitates careful consideration to optimize cleaning speed and ensure a thorough and safe cleaning process. Adjusting water pressure in relation to siding type and dirt accumulation will help complete exterior cleaning and impact on “how long does it take to pressure wash a house.”

9. Weather conditions

Weather conditions exert a considerable influence on the duration of residential exterior cleaning. Atmospheric elements, including temperature, sunlight, precipitation, and wind, directly affect the efficiency and effectiveness of the pressure washing process.

  • Temperature and Drying Time

    Elevated temperatures accelerate the drying process of both the cleaning solutions and the rinsed surfaces. Rapid drying can lead to streaking or spotting if cleaning solutions are not properly removed, necessitating additional rinsing or cleaning passes. Conversely, lower temperatures slow the drying process, prolonging the overall cleaning time as operators must wait for surfaces to dry before assessing the effectiveness of the cleaning. For example, pressure washing on a hot, sunny day may require working in smaller sections to prevent premature drying of the cleaning solution.

  • Sunlight and Solution Effectiveness

    Direct sunlight can affect the chemical reactions of cleaning solutions, potentially reducing their effectiveness. Some cleaning agents may degrade or evaporate more quickly in direct sunlight, requiring more frequent applications or higher concentrations to achieve the desired cleaning results. This, in turn, increases the overall time required to complete the task. Shaded areas, on the other hand, may require less frequent applications and lower concentrations of cleaning agents. The need to adjust cleaning techniques based on sun exposure adds complexity and variability to the process. For instance, a mildewcide may be less effective if applied to a surface in direct sunlight, requiring a longer dwell time or a second application.

  • Precipitation and Interruption of Work

    Rain or snow directly impede pressure washing activities. Precipitation dilutes cleaning solutions, reduces water pressure, and creates slippery working conditions. Even light rain can render pressure washing ineffective, as the added moisture washes away the cleaning agents before they can effectively loosen dirt and grime. Heavy precipitation necessitates a complete halt to operations, resulting in significant delays. The likelihood of precipitation must be carefully considered when scheduling pressure washing projects. Interruption of work during exterior cleaning process can lead to a much higher cost.

  • Wind and Spray Drift

    Wind affects the trajectory of the water spray, causing it to drift away from the intended target area. This reduces the efficiency of the cleaning process, as operators must compensate for the wind by adjusting their position and angle of spray. Strong winds can also carry cleaning solutions onto unintended surfaces, potentially damaging landscaping or nearby structures. Wind speeds exceeding a certain threshold can render pressure washing impractical or unsafe. For example, high winds may make it impossible to effectively clean the upper stories of a house or to prevent cleaning solutions from drifting onto neighboring properties.

Weather conditions represent an unavoidable factor that influences the “how long does it take to pressure wash a house”. Consideration of these elements and appropriate adjustments to scheduling and cleaning techniques are essential for maximizing efficiency and minimizing delays during residential exterior cleaning projects.

Frequently Asked Questions

The following questions address common inquiries regarding the time required to clean a house’s exterior utilizing pressurized water.

Question 1: Is there a typical timeframe for cleaning a standard-sized house?

While a definitive timeframe is elusive due to variable factors, a range of 2 to 8 hours is often cited for houses between 1,500 and 2,500 square feet. This estimate assumes moderate soiling and readily accessible surfaces. More extensive dirt accumulation or complex architectural features may extend this duration.

Question 2: How does siding material impact the cleaning duration?

Different siding materials necessitate varying cleaning techniques and pressures. Delicate materials like stucco require lower pressure and gentler methods, potentially increasing the time. More durable materials like brick may withstand higher pressures, but stubborn stains can still prolong the cleaning process. Therefore, siding material is a critical consideration.

Question 3: Does the experience level of the operator affect the cleaning timeline?

Operator proficiency significantly impacts cleaning efficiency. Experienced operators possess refined techniques, optimized equipment handling skills, and effective problem-solving abilities, all contributing to a reduced cleaning duration. A novice operator may require considerably more time to achieve comparable results.

Question 4: What role does equipment play in determining the cleaning duration?

The pressure washer’s output (PSI), flow rate (GPM), and nozzle design directly affect cleaning speed. Higher PSI enables quicker stain removal, while greater GPM facilitates faster rinsing. Efficient equipment tailored to the task at hand can substantially reduce the overall cleaning time.

Question 5: How do weather conditions influence the cleaning process?

Weather conditions directly affect the efficiency of cleaning and “how long does it take to pressure wash a house”. Elevated temperatures can cause cleaning solutions to dry too quickly, leading to streaking. Precipitation interrupts cleaning activities, while wind can affect the spray pattern. These factors must be considered when estimating the cleaning duration.

Question 6: What impact do obstacles have on the cleaning timeframe?

Obstacles like landscaping, outdoor furniture, and architectural protrusions necessitate careful maneuvering and specialized cleaning techniques. These impediments increase the time required to clean the house’s exterior thoroughly and safely. Careful planning is essential to account for any delays caused by obstacles.

In summation, determining the precise cleaning duration involves careful consideration of house size, siding material, dirt accumulation, operator experience, equipment efficiency, weather conditions, and the presence of obstacles.

The subsequent section will provide practical tips for minimizing the exterior cleaning time.

Tips for Minimizing Residential Exterior Cleaning Time

Optimizing the time required for residential exterior cleaning necessitates strategic planning and efficient execution. Implementing the following tips can contribute to a faster, more effective cleaning process.

Tip 1: Pre-Clean the Surface: Prior to commencing pressurized water application, manually remove loose debris such as leaves, cobwebs, and bird droppings. This reduces the burden on the pressure washer and prevents clogs, streamlining the subsequent cleaning process.

Tip 2: Select Appropriate Nozzles: Utilize various nozzle types strategically. A wide-fan nozzle is suitable for general cleaning, while a narrow-angle nozzle is effective for concentrated stain removal. Rotary nozzles offer a balance of speed and power. Selecting the appropriate nozzle for each task optimizes efficiency.

Tip 3: Apply Cleaning Solutions Strategically: Pre-treating heavily soiled areas with appropriate cleaning solutions, such as mildewcides or detergents, allows for a reduced reliance on high pressure. Allow sufficient dwell time for the solutions to penetrate the grime before rinsing.

Tip 4: Optimize Water Pressure: Balance water pressure to effectively remove dirt without damaging the siding. Start with lower pressure settings and gradually increase until the desired cleaning effect is achieved. Avoid using excessive pressure, which can lead to damage and wasted time.

Tip 5: Employ Proper Technique: Maintain a consistent distance and angle between the nozzle and the siding. Use overlapping strokes to ensure uniform cleaning and prevent streaking. Work methodically from top to bottom to avoid re-soiling previously cleaned areas.

Tip 6: Clear Obstacles Beforehand: Relocate movable objects such as patio furniture and potted plants prior to starting. Cover or protect landscaping and sensitive fixtures to prevent damage from water spray or cleaning solutions.

Tip 7: Enlist Professional Assistance: Consider engaging a professional cleaning service. Experienced technicians possess the knowledge, skills, and equipment to complete the task efficiently and effectively, minimizing the time investment required.

Implementing these recommendations can significantly reduce the duration of residential exterior cleaning, resulting in time savings and improved cleaning results.

The concluding section summarizes the key aspects influencing the overall project duration.

Conclusion

The preceding analysis clarifies that determining how long does it take to pressure wash a house is not a fixed calculation. The duration is contingent upon a confluence of factors, including the dimensions of the property, the material composition of the siding, the extent of accumulated dirt, the proficiency of the operator, the efficacy of the equipment utilized, prevailing atmospheric conditions, and the presence of impediments surrounding the structure. Each element exerts a measurable influence, demanding careful assessment for accurate project estimation.

Understanding these variables is essential for effective planning and resource allocation. Homeowners and contractors alike benefit from a comprehensive evaluation of these factors to optimize cleaning processes and minimize potential delays. Diligent preparation and informed decision-making are critical for achieving efficient and satisfactory results in the realm of residential exterior cleaning.