The thermostatic expansion valve (TXV) regulates the flow of refrigerant into the evaporator of a refrigeration or air conditioning system. This control is achieved by modulating the valve’s opening in response to the evaporator’s superheat, thus ensuring efficient cooling and preventing liquid refrigerant from returning to the compressor. A typical adjustment involves modifying the superheat setting, influencing the amount of refrigerant entering the evaporator coil.
Proper calibration of this valve is crucial for optimal system performance and energy efficiency. When misadjusted, the system may suffer from reduced cooling capacity, increased energy consumption, and potential compressor damage. Historically, mechanical adjustments were the primary method, relying on manual manipulation of the valve stem. Modern systems may incorporate electronic TXVs allowing for more precise and automated control.