Anti-Mllerian hormone (AMH) is a glycoprotein hormone produced by granulosa cells in ovarian follicles. The measurement of AMH levels in serum is used as an indicator of ovarian reserve, reflecting the quantity of remaining oocytes. A higher AMH generally suggests a larger ovarian reserve, while a lower AMH may indicate a diminished reserve, potentially impacting fertility. For example, a woman undergoing fertility treatment might have her AMH level assessed to guide decisions regarding stimulation protocols.
Understanding factors influencing AMH production is important for women considering family planning, particularly those facing age-related fertility decline or other conditions impacting ovarian function. While AMH levels naturally decrease with age, maintaining optimal ovarian health can support fertility efforts. Historically, ovarian reserve was primarily assessed through other methods, but AMH has become a more direct and reliable marker. The advantages of AMH testing include its relative stability throughout the menstrual cycle compared to other hormone measurements.