The process of salt-curing a beef brisket to produce corned beef involves submerging the meat in a highly concentrated saltwater solution. This method of preservation, historically employed to extend the shelf life of meats, infuses the beef with a distinctive flavor profile and tenderizes the tough muscle fibers. Sodium chloride, nitrates, and various spices are common components of the liquid medium.
Salt-curing imparts several desirable characteristics to the finished product. It draws out moisture from the meat, inhibiting bacterial growth and thus preventing spoilage. The added spices contribute nuanced flavors, while the nitrates contribute to the characteristic pink hue associated with corned beef. The process also significantly tenderizes the meat, making it suitable for slow cooking methods.