The process of increasing the concentration of hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ions present in water is essential for effective sanitation. This involves introducing a chlorine-based compound to achieve a desired level, often measured in parts per million (ppm), that will actively neutralize harmful microorganisms. For instance, if testing reveals a level below the recommended threshold for potable water or a swimming pool, adjustments are necessary to ensure safety.
Maintaining an appropriate level of these disinfecting agents is vital for public health and recreational water safety. It prevents the spread of waterborne illnesses and ensures that water sources remain safe for consumption and recreational use. Historically, chlorination has been a cornerstone of water treatment, significantly reducing the incidence of diseases like cholera and typhoid fever, establishing it as a critical step in hygiene practices.