The process of combining multiple raster datasets into a single, unified raster is a common task in geospatial data processing. Python, with libraries like `rasterio` and `gdal`, offers robust tools to perform this operation. The general procedure involves reading each input raster, potentially reprojecting them to a common coordinate system, and then writing the merged result to a new raster file. Several approaches exist, depending on the desired behavior for overlapping areas, such as prioritizing one input over others or averaging pixel values.
Raster merging is important for various applications. It enables creating seamless mosaics from multiple images, consolidating datasets with different spatial extents, and preparing data for further analysis requiring a single, contiguous raster. Historically, specialized GIS software was required for such tasks, but Python’s geospatial libraries provide accessible and scriptable alternatives. The ability to automate this process is particularly valuable for large-scale projects or in situations where data is regularly updated.