The germination and subsequent development of apple seeds into mature trees is a multifaceted biological process. It involves a period of dormancy, often requiring stratification, followed by the emergence of a radicle and plumule from the seed. This process is influenced by environmental factors such as temperature, moisture, and light availability.
Understanding the propagation of apple trees from seed is fundamental to fruit breeding and genetic diversity. While commercially grown apple trees are typically propagated through grafting to maintain desired characteristics, cultivating from seed offers the potential for new and unique varieties. Historically, seed propagation played a crucial role in the dispersal of apple varieties across different regions.