The condition where an excessive amount of gum tissue shows when smiling is a common aesthetic concern. The extent of gingival display varies between individuals, and what constitutes excessive display is subjective. However, when the proportion of gum to tooth appears unbalanced, interventions may be considered to improve the overall appearance of the smile. An example would be when more than 3-4 millimeters of gum tissue are visible above the upper teeth.
Addressing excessive gingival display enhances self-confidence and improves facial harmony. Historically, surgical procedures were the primary means of correction. Modern techniques offer a range of less invasive options, enabling individuals to address this aesthetic concern with varying degrees of intervention and recovery time. The ability to create a more balanced and aesthetically pleasing smile contributes significantly to perceived attractiveness and well-being.