Dental plaque is a sticky film composed of bacteria, saliva, and food debris that constantly forms on teeth. If this substance is not removed regularly through brushing and flossing, it begins to calcify or harden. The process of hardening, also known as mineralization, transforms soft plaque into calculus, commonly called tartar.
The timeline for plaque to transform into a hardened state varies depending on individual oral hygiene practices and saliva composition. The accumulation of calculus provides a rough surface that facilitates further plaque adhesion, exacerbating the problem. Regular professional dental cleanings are necessary to remove calculus, as it cannot be removed effectively through routine at-home oral care. Poor oral hygiene leading to calculus formation can contribute to gingivitis, periodontitis, and ultimately, tooth loss. Therefore, understanding the progression of plaque calcification underscores the importance of preventive measures.